Dermatitis (Skin Inflammation)

Dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. It shows as red or darkened, itchy, dry, sometimes weeping or blistered patches. The main types are contact dermatitis from something touching the skin, seborrhoeic dermatitis on the scalp and face, discoid and varicose types, and atopic eczema.

It is very common and not contagious. Most forms can be brought under good control by identifying triggers, repairing the skin barrier with moisturisers and using anti-inflammatory creams correctly. Dermatitis caused by an allergen can clear completely once the culprit is found and avoided.

Symptome

• Itchy patches that are red on light skin and brown, purple or grey on darker skin
• Dryness, scaling and cracking, particularly on the hands
• Small blisters or weeping in acute flares
• Thickened, leathery skin where scratching has gone on for months
• Greasy yellowish scale around the nose, eyebrows and scalp
• A rash with a sharp outline matching a watch strap, jewellery, glove or plaster
• Brown discolouration and itching around the ankles with leg swelling

Ursachen und Risikofaktoren

Irritant contact dermatitis results from repeated exposure to water, soaps, detergents, solvents and friction, and is the usual cause of hand dermatitis in healthcare, cleaning, catering and hairdressing. Allergic contact dermatitis is a delayed immune reaction to a specific substance, commonly nickel, fragrance, preservatives, hair dye, rubber chemicals and some plant or medicated creams. Seborrhoeic dermatitis is related to a skin yeast. Varicose dermatitis follows poor vein function in the legs. Dry air, stress, sweating and infection aggravate all types.

Wie es diagnostiziert wird

• History and examination: The site and shape of the rash, your job, hobbies, cosmetics and medicines usually point to the type.
• Patch testing: Small amounts of common allergens are taped to the back for 48 hours and read at 2 and 4 days. It identifies allergic contact dermatitis. It requires three visits in one week.
• Skin scraping or swab: Excludes fungal infection and detects bacterial infection in weeping or crusted patches.
• Skin biopsy: Used when the rash is atypical or fails to respond, to exclude psoriasis, lichen planus or skin lymphoma.

Behandlungsmöglichkeiten

• Trigger avoidance: Substituting the product or protecting the skin is the core of treatment for contact dermatitis. A written list of names to avoid follows patch testing.
• Emollients and soap substitutes: Applied generously several times a day to rebuild the barrier. Quantity matters: adults often need several hundred grams a week.
• Topical steroids: Strength is matched to the site, with short courses for flares. Used correctly they are safe; skin thinning comes from long use of strong products on delicate areas.
• Calcineurin inhibitor creams: Tacrolimus or pimecrolimus for the face, eyelids and skin folds where steroids are less suitable.
• Antifungal shampoos and creams: Ketoconazole for seborrhoeic dermatitis, used regularly to prevent return.
• Phototherapy and systemic drugs: Reserved for severe, widespread or disabling hand dermatitis under specialist supervision.

Wenn es dringend ist

Seek urgent local help if a rash spreads to most of the body with fever or shivering, if eczema suddenly develops clusters of painful punched-out sores, which suggests herpes infection, or if a rash comes with swelling of the lips, tongue or throat or difficulty breathing. Widespread blistering or skin peeling after starting a new medicine is an emergency.

Reisen nach Türkiye zur Behandlung

Day-to-day control of dermatitis happens at home. A trip can be worthwhile for one defined purpose: a specialist assessment with patch testing, which needs you to stay about a week for the readings and to keep your back dry. You leave with a list of allergens to avoid and a treatment plan. Avoid sunbathing on your back and high-dose steroid tablets before testing.

Senden Sie Ihre Berichte, Scans und eine kurze Geschichte und eine Clinic-Y Koordinator Antworten innerhalb von 24 Stunden mit geeigneten Teams und schriftlich, All-inclusive Vorschläge nebeneinander. Die Überprüfung Ihres Falls ist kostenlos.

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